general description
What is hallucination?
Half is a false perception of objects or events in which their senses are involved: see, sound, smell, touch and taste.Hallucinations seem to be real, but they are not.BrainCause hallucinations.
Hallucinations are typically a symptom of a psychosis -related disorder, especially a disorder related to psychosisschizophrenia, but they can also be attributed to substance consumption, neurological diseases and some temporary situations.
A person may experience hallucination with or without the idea that what he experiences is not real.If a person believes that the hallucination of it is real, this is considered a psychotic symptom.
What are the types of hallucinations?
There are different types of hallucinations, which include:
- Auditory hallucinations (solid): These are the most common type of hallucinations.They contain auditory sounds that are not real, such as music, steps or doors that are beating.You can order you to do something that can be damaged to you or others.
- Visual hallucinations (view): These hallucinations contain things that are not real, such as objects, shapes, humans, animals or lights.
- Tactile hallucinations (tactile): These hallucinations make you touch your body or movement in your body that is not real, you can feel that the beetles crawl into your skin or move your internal organs.
- Olfactory hallucinations (smell): These hallucinations contain odors that do not exist or that no one else can smell.
- Raporas hallucinations (flavor): These hallucinations cause flavor that are often strange or uncomfortable.
- Current hallucinations: These hallucinations feel that someone is in the room with them or behind them.
- Proprioceptive hallucinations: These hallucinations allow you to think that your body moves, P.B.Fly or floating if this is not the case.
There are also types of hallucinations related to sleep, which include:
- Hipnopompic hallucinations: These are hallucinations that occur when you wake up from sleep.Hypnopompicity hallucinations apply to most normal people and do not cause any reason to worry.sleep disorders.
- Hypnagogical hallucinations: These are hallucinations that occur when they fall asleep.They are usually short -lived and approximately 86% of them are visual.
What is the difference between hallucination and deception?
Half is a sensory experience.It's about seeing, listening, trying, smelling or feeling something that is not there.
Delusions are unwavering beliefs of something false.For example, you can include someone who thinks they have special powers or who are poisoned, even though they are not true.
What is the difference between hallucination and an illusion?
Hallucinations are a perception based on sensory inputs, while illusions are erroneous interpretations of sensory inputs.With other words, hallucinations contain the experience of something that does not exist.
Illusions happen if misinterprets in your area.
For example, you can confuse a black bag that is sitting in a window bar for a black cat.When examining more, you can see that it is a bag and no cat, which is an illusion.
How do I know if I haoy?
It is possible to experience hallucinations and at the same time be aware that they are not real.
For example, some people who cry the death of a loved one can listen or see the voice of their deceased or see them, but they know that what they hear or see is impossible.Most people can also realize that hallucinations that are not real when they sleep or wake up.
In these cases, you can use context warnings and its environment to say that what "experiences" is not real.
However, some people do not know that they are hallucinating.This occurs in chronic diseases such as schizophrenia and more frequentlydementia.
Possible causes
What are the possible causes of hallucinations?
There are many possible causes of hallucinations, which include:
- Temporary causes.
- Certain mental illnesses.
- Certain neurological diseases.
- Side effects of certain medications.
Temporary Causes of Hallucinations
The following conditions or situations can temporarily cause hallucinations:
- He fell asleep or wakes up.
- They are under the influence of alcohol or certain drugs, such asMiriamGiftHallucinogens(LSD y PCP)Cocaine, Amphetamines, heroine ketamine.
- LobeFeverEspecially in children and the elderly.
- DifficultDehydration.
- sleep deprivation.
- migraine.
- Trauma.
- Strong pain.
- Pain.
- Infections likeUrgencyEspecially in the elderly.
- Recover fromanesthesiaAfter an operation or procedure.
The experience of hallucinations in this way is generally not a reason.However, if you have an acute medical problem that causes it, such as infection or fever, it is important to seek medical treatment for the problem.
Mental illness that can cause hallucinations
Schizophrenia is the most important psychological state that causes hallucinations.He experienced reality (psychosis), which can include hallucinations.
The conditions that fall into the schizophrenia spectrum and can cause hallucinations include:
- Schizophrenia.
- Schizotypal personality disorder (which also falls below the category ofPersonality disorder).
- Delusional disorder.
- Short psychotic disorder.
- Schizofreniform disorder.
- Schizo service disorder.
Listening to voices is the most common type of hallucination in people with these mental illnesses.
Other mental illnesses that can cause hallucinations are:
- Bipolar disorder: People with bipolar disorder may experience hallucinations during the depressive and severe importanceManic.
- Significant Depression With psychotic characteristics (psychotic depression): The major depressive disorder (MDD) with psychotic characteristics is an independent type of depressive diseases in which mood disorders are accompanied by delusions, hallucinations or both.
Neurological diseases that can cause hallucinations
Neurological diseases that can cause hallucinations include:
- Parkinson's disease: This state causes part of its brain that deteriorates and causes more serious symptoms over time.
- Alzheimer disease: About 13% of people with Alzheimer's disease experience hallucinations.The hallucinations are caused by changes in their brain that arise from the disease.
- Lewy Body Demenz: This disease includes the structure of protein packages, called Lewy's body, in the nerve cells of your brain.Lewy body damage nerve cells.Hallucinations can cause and are generally visual.
- Epilepsy: People who have epilepsy that affect part of their brainTemporallappenYou can experience hallucinations, more frequently olfactory hallucinations.
- Narcolepsy: This is a neurological disorder that influences the ability of your brain to control sleep and surveillance.Hallucinations often experience hallucinations shortly before falling asleep (hypnagogical hallucinations) or shortly after awakening (hypnopomptivative hallucinations).
Other diseases that can cause hallucinations
Charles hood syndrome makes a person whose vision worsens see hallucinations.This state only causes visual hallucinations.
Incurable, including diseasesLiver failureGiftRenal insufficiency, Level 3VIH/SIDAAnd brain cancer can cause all hallucinations.
Medications that can cause hallucinations
Many prescription medications can occasionally cause hallucinations such as a side effect.People may have a higher risk due to greater sensitivity to medication.The health service provider is the best source of information on the side effects of medicines.Never talk to your health service provider.
Care and treatment
How are hallucinations treated?
The treatment for hallucinations depends on the cause.
Certain medications and therapies can help treat hallucinations in people with chronic diseases they cause, including:
- Typical (first -generation) and atypical (second generation) antipsychotics can help reduce the frequency and severity of hallucinations in people with schizophrenia spectrum disorders, bipolar disorders and severe depressive disorder with psychotic characteristics.
- RepeatTranscraneal magnetic stimulation(RTMS) can reduce auditory hallucinations that do not react to antipsychotics.
- Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors can reduce psychosis (hallucinations and/or delusions) in people with Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and Lewy body dementia.NeurotransmitterThis works both in the peripheral nervous system and in the central nervous system.
Can hallucinations be prevented?
Although all hallucinations cannot be prevented, you can apply some home strategies that can help reduce your frequency for certain people with neurological diseases that can cause hallucinations, which include:
- Have good lighting and participate in stimulating activities at night.
- Check the noise that can be misunderstood, such as the noise of a TV or a device.
- In search of lighting and correction of shadows, reflections or distortions.
- Cover the mirror with a cloth or remove them when the person believes he looks at a stranger.
If you take medications to treat hallucinations, it is important to carry the medication more unless your health service provider tells you something else.Stop the medicine can suddenly cause intensive hallucinations.
How can I help someone who experiences hallucination?
If you are with someone who experiences hallucination, you must take some steps:
- Calify the situation and determine whether hallucination is a problem for the person or her.If hallucination increases or leads to do something dangerous, react calmly and quickly with relaxing words and a soothing touch.
- Do not discuss the person about what he is experiencing.If your behavior is not dangerous in response to hallucination, you may not have to intervene.
- Avoid arguing with the person who experiences hallucination.You can say that you do not see what your beloved person sees, but some people find it more relaxing, recognize what the person sees to minimize stress.For example, if the person sees a dog in the room, it may be more useful to say: "I take the dog" instead of arguing that there is no dog.
When do you call the doctor?
When should I see my health service provider on hallucinations?
If you or someone who knows experience hallucinations and is separated from reality, a health service provider must be reviewed as soon as possible.
Many medical and mental diseases that can cause hallucinations can quickly become emergency.The person who experiences hallucinations should not be alone.
A note from the Cleveland Clinic
It is important that people who experience hallucinations talk about them with their family and their health team.The hallucinations are manageable with treatment and can become disturbing or dangerous if they are not treated.How little or strange you think it is.The hallucinations can feel nervous, paranoid and scared, so it is important to be with someone and talk to someone who can trust.